Alois Lexa Freiherr von Aehrenthal (Baron, from 1909 Count, September 27, 1854, at Hrubá Skála Castle, Gross Skal, Bohemia; February 17, 1912, in Vienna) was an Austro-Hungarian politician who served as the k. u. k. Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1906 to 1912. Aehrenthal came from a Bohemian family that was ennobled in 1790 and elevated to the rank of baron in 1828. His father, Johann Friedrich Lexa von Aehrenthal (1817-1898), was a long-time spokesman for the Bohemian feudal nobility. His estate in Gross Skal covered 5,500 hectares. As the son of Countess Maria Felicitas von Thun-Hohenstein (1830-1911), Alois was a descendant of the Austrian-Bohemian high aristocracy with correspondingly good connections. He himself married Countess Pauline Széchenyi (1871-1945) in 1902, from a prominent Hungarian noble family.