The Annal Stone of the 5th Dynasty (2504 to 2347 BC) likely stood in its complete form in one of the sun temples of the fifth dynasty. This stone, made of black diorite, originally measured 140 × 200 cm and later broke into several pieces that were scattered across Egypt. The two largest fragments are named after their current locations: the Palermo Stone and the Cairo Stone. Additionally, according to Wolfgang Helck, five smaller pieces are listed under the designations P1 and Cairo Fragments No. 2 to 5. It is uncertain whether all fragments belong to a single stone or to different stones. The fragments of the Annal Stone also show an unbroken series of regnal names for the first kings of the 1st Dynasty. However, since it was only Den who introduced the counting of regnal years, these entries are based on older sources that were supplemented by narratives and memories, and thus cannot be regarded as reliable chronological records.