Who were the staff of the Hall Healing and Care Institution? Did National Socialism have an impact on the personnel structure, and were there personnel continuities across political upheavals? How should the responsibility of the institution's management, doctors, and nursing staff for the catastrophic conditions and high mortality rate in the institution be assessed? The fate of mentally ill and intellectually disabled individuals from South Tyrol was fundamentally linked to the option of 1939. Many of them were brought to the Hall Healing and Care Institution based on the resettlement agreements between fascist Italy and Nazi Germany. Under what circumstances were these individuals recorded and taken to Hall, and what treatment did they receive in the institution? The fact that the institution's cemetery in Hall could be forgotten after the war, along with the killing of patients from Hall in the 'T4' institution Hartheim and in the Healing and Care Institution Niedernhart between 1940 and 1942, generally raises questions about how the topic of Nazi euthanasia was handled in the post-war period. What phases of reappraisal can be identified for Tyrol and Vorarlberg? The independent expert commission established by the Tyrolean state government in 2011 presents in this volume the results of three research projects that address specific questions regarding the history of the Hall Healing and Care Institution in Tyrol during National Socialism.