The quality of life for patients suffering from ulcerative colitis and adenomatous polyps (precursors to colon cancer), who are mostly young, can be fundamentally improved today through the targeted use of new continent-preserving surgical techniques. For the first time, the ileoanal pouch technique is described in detail in this monograph. It is placed in the context of precise indication criteria for functional organ replacement (end-rectal pouch instead of artificial anus), possible complications, and the special task of aftercare. The excellent illustration material adds a visual emphasis and illustrates the technique. Also significant for pathologists are the uniquely compiled pouch histology images. Thus, readers can optimally utilize the extensive experience of the Heidelberg team in this contemporary technique for their own patient care. Internists gain fundamental knowledge for coordinating treatment with the surgeon, while the surgeon receives important insights and data for therapy planning for their patients.