The Gilgamesh Epic is a group of literary works, mainly from the Babylonian region, which contains one of the oldest surviving poems written down in writing. The Gilgamesh Epic in its various versions is the most famous work of Sumerian literature. The text of the epic had to be reconstructed from various fragments. Since the different fragments had been written in different languages (Old Babylonian Akkadian, Hurrian and Hittite), translation and attribution difficulties arose, which made translation a great challenge. The translation on which this work is based is by Arthur Ungnad and is considered one of the best in the German-speaking world. The original of the work was published in 1911.