The book "International Humanitarian Law" by Åse Tordahl Nøstbakken provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges arising from the distinction between combatants and civilians in modern conflicts. In an era where the boundaries between these groups are increasingly blurred, the work examines the legal implications for civilians who actively participate in hostilities. It discusses how the loss of protective rights affects the rights of these civilians, particularly concerning their treatment upon capture and the potential penalties they may face. Through a critical engagement with the tension between the protection of civilians and military necessities, the book offers valuable insights into the complex legal and ethical questions raised in modern warfare.