"Modern Hematology" is a specialized book that deals with advancements in statistical physics and Euclidean quantum field theory. It provides a comprehensive introduction to the methods of path integrals, which are applicable in both quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics. The initial chapters are designed to convey the fundamentals of these concepts and prepare readers for the use of Monte Carlo simulations to estimate high-dimensional integrals. These simulations are based on Markov processes and are explained in detail to prepare the reader for the use of high-performance computers in this emerging field of theoretical physics. Additionally, the book covers simple lattice field theories and various spin systems, with the Ising model serving as a guide for understanding phase transitions. The discussion on flexible renormalization group methods offers a valuable alternative to the lattice formulation of quantum field theories and sheds light on the fundamental interactions in nature described by gauge theories.