The textbook "Principles of Agronomy for Sustainable Agriculture" offers a comprehensive analysis of various aspects of sustainable agriculture and is aimed at students at the bachelor's and master's level. It addresses the quantitative components of the energy balance of plants, including the partitioning of net radiation and its influence on the microclimate of plant stands. Another focus is on the investigation of the water balance in the soil, particularly evapotranspiration, to determine the availability of water for rain-fed crops. The book analyzes the limitations of plant production in terms of phenology, radiation interception, and resource use. Additionally, various agricultural techniques such as sowing, tillage, irrigation, and fertilization are examined in detail, with an emphasis on quantifying the necessary inputs for a specific target crop under specific environmental conditions. Practical online resources complement the book and support students in applying what they have learned in practice.