The book "School Education and Welfare State" by Ramesh Babu Para examines the challenges of the Indian education system, which is heavily influenced by a feudal and colonial past. It argues that the current structures and practices in the education system are not only based on natural abilities but are also influenced by social factors such as caste, gender, and class. These inequalities result in large segments of society, particularly Dalits, being excluded from access to education. The book highlights the discrepancy between the Indian government's political efforts to promote "Universal Elementary Education" and the reality that many Dalits continue to face high dropout rates and low literacy rates despite existing programs. It raises fundamental questions about the reasons for these inequalities and calls for a critical examination of existing social policies and their impact on educational access.