The book "Specific components of aversive odor memory in Drosophila melanogaster" by Stephan Knapek provides a detailed examination of the mechanisms involved in the formation and retention of aversive odor memories in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. It explains how flies develop a memory response after associating a scent with electric shocks, which consists of various components. The role of the evolutionarily conserved phosphoprotein Synapsin, which is necessary for the short-lived, anesthesia-sensitive memory component (ASM), is particularly emphasized. In contrast, the significance of the active zone protein Bruchpilot for the consolidated, anesthesia-resistant memory component (ARM) is investigated. The book offers valuable insights into the neural foundations of memory and the specific requirements for different presynaptic proteins that are responsible for distinguishing between labile and consolidated memory contents.