The book "Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data" offers a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals of probability theory and statistics, as well as various numerical and analytical methods that are crucial for the analysis of scientific data. It covers topics such as probability theory, distribution functions, fitting to two-dimensional datasets, parameter estimation, Monte Carlo methods, and Markov chains. The author places great emphasis on the connection between theory and practical application by referencing classical experiments from various fields to illustrate the relevance of statistics in scientific data analysis. The didactic approach follows the principle of "theory first, then application," which helps readers develop a solid understanding of the theoretical foundations essential for practical application. The book is aimed at undergraduate students and early graduate students, as well as experienced researchers as a reference work.