The book "The Poisson-Dirichlet Distribution and Related Topics" offers a comprehensive examination of the Poisson-Dirichlet distribution, an infinite probability distribution introduced by Kingman over thirty years ago. This distribution has proven useful in various fields such as Bayesian statistics, combinatorics, differential geometry, economics, number theory, physics, and population genetics. The monograph places particular emphasis on recent advances in evolutionary dynamics and asymptotic behaviors. A central theme is the unification of the Poisson-Dirichlet distribution with urn structures, the coalescent process, and evolutionary dynamics through the grand particle system of Donnelly and Kurtz. The work is largely self-contained and is aimed at researchers from various disciplines interested in the methods and techniques used in this context.