The book "Uncertainty" offers a philosophical approach to probability and probabilistic thinking. It examines the foundations of probabilistic thinking and modeling, which are central to data science. The aim is to challenge many common assumptions and establish the philosophical as well as probabilistic foundations for statistical modeling. This work is the first of its kind to address the philosophy of data for practicing scientists and calls for a reevaluation of the practice of probability and statistics to overcome what is referred to as the 'cult of statistical significance.' The book articulates the philosophy behind these ideas without focusing on mathematical details, instead providing a clear, comprehensible presentation of topics ranging from fundamental philosophical considerations to statistical models.