The book "Contingent Valuation of Water Resources" by Ana Beatriz Alves de Araújo addresses the critical challenges of water pollution and its impacts on human health. It highlights how the improper use of environmental resources, particularly through household and industrial wastewater, leads to the contamination of water bodies. The author argues that society plays a central role in combating water pollution and that awareness of the responsibility to preserve water resources must be created. The book also examines the willingness of the population to pay for the restoration and protection of water resources, thus providing valuable insights into the ecological and economic aspects of water valuation.