As diverse as the water resources in our landscape, so varied is the birdlife associated with water. Among waterfowl, there are not only fascinating bird species, but they can also serve as a good entry point into birdwatching. Still and flowing waters are subject to many changes, to which waterbirds must adapt. The special issue "Waterbirds" provides an overview of the situation of waterbirds and presents the respective monitoring programs as well as individual species. Additionally, it addresses the potential for conflict between the various interest groups.