Fluoride-free formulation with gentle abrasives for polishing and essential oils from cardamom, anise, clove, and peppermint leaf for a thoroughly clean and refreshed feeling in the mouth. Scent: Mint, Anise, Spices. Application: Apply the desired amount to the toothbrush and brush thoroughly for two minutes, then spit out and rinse the mouth. Use twice daily to ensure impeccable oral hygiene. Aesop was founded in 1987 in Melbourne and has since developed products that prioritize efficacy - their complex, distinctive fragrances are just an added pleasure. The product range now includes skin, hair, and body care products as well as fragrances and accessories for you and your home. Some of the ingredients used are of plant origin, while others are lab-made; all are sourced ethically and are proven to be safe. Aesop does not test its formulations and ingredients on animals. All Aesop products are vegan, certified by Leaping Bunny, and listed on PETA's list of cruelty-free and vegan products.