Drivers must be installed for all features of the dock. For all operating systems.
For Linux and more precisely Ubuntu there is one here:
https://www.displaylink.com/downloads...
This driver could also be adapted for other Linux distros, but it is a bit complicated. This also changes the firmware of the dock. I don't know if this can be undone.
Without drivers installed, there are certain basic functions of USB, I think.
Under macOS, older monitors may not work with the dock's DisplayPort, e.g. Asus 4k ROG.
I would first test with the macOS/Win driver installation whether the monitor setup works as desired.
And then fiddle with the DL Linux driver.