I bought this for my NVMe drive as they are both (supposedly) M.2 2280. Obviously it didn't fit because this enclosure is SSD. It was so cheap that it was pointless to send it back because of the postage costs. It would be good if they could mark the product as "not compatible with NVMe" to avoid such a mistake.

For a one-time data recovery, isn't there a cheaper cable from M.2 2280 (Samsung MZ-NLN2560) to USB?

No, this enclosure only supports M.2 with SATA protocol.