Johann Peter Adolf Erman (October 31, 1854 in Berlin; June 26, 1937 there) was a German Egyptologist and founder of the Berlin School of Egyptology. Erman was the son of Georg Adolf Erman, a professor of physics at the University of Berlin, and Johanne Marie Bessel, a daughter of the astronomer Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel. He studied Egyptology under Georg Ebers in Leipzig and Berlin. Since 1885, he was an extraordinary professor of Egyptology at the University of Berlin and director of the Egyptian Museum. As the museum's director, he published regular reports on his collection in the "Mitteilungen aus den Orientalischen Sammlungen," which has been appearing since 1889. He made significant contributions to the study of the ancient Egyptian language and its relationships with Semitic languages.