The aim of the study was to investigate the practices of waste collection, treatment, and disposal in this facility, taking into account technical, legal, and ecological aspects in an emergency room in Pombal, Paraíba. To this end, an exploratory-descriptive study was conducted, relying on bibliographic and field research techniques, in which events or phenomena, including their variables, were observed, analyzed, correlated, and described without manipulation, by collecting data. The results highlighted challenges and opportunities in waste management in healthcare within emergency care. The investigation provides valuable insights for improving waste management strategies in this facility, thereby contributing to the safety of medical staff, public health, and environmental protection. It was found that the evaluated facility has specific planning focused on the management of solid waste from healthcare and complies with the hygiene regulations stipulated in the legislation.