Exactly 100 years ago, in 1922, Otto Meyerhof was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine. This is, in fact, a reason to celebrate. Otto Meyerhof lived during a time of groundbreaking scientific discoveries, but also during the National Socialist regime: Despite his Nobel Prize, he was only offered an assistant position at his institute in Kiel at that time. As the director of a Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, he was denounced in Heidelberg by the chemistry Nobel laureate Richard Kuhn. Meyerhof managed to flee to the USA with his family in 1938. The authors of this book explore how all of this could happen in an excellent intellectual environment. The volume includes a biography of Meyerhof, a summary of his research, and sheds light on various aspects of anti-Semitism. It features a foreword by Werner Arnold and contributions from Natan Sznaider, Michael Wolffsohn, Monika Schwarz-Friesel, Michael Schmitt, Walter Nickel, Frank Engehausen, Marc-Philippe Weller, Greta Göbel, Markus Lieberknecht, and Frederek Musall.