Why should a reading of Antonio Gramsci today be profitable? Gramsci (1891-1937) did not meet the social upheavals and crises of his time with ready-made answers and certainties. Instead of dogmatically closing the concepts, he practiced a way of thinking that differentiated existing insights and categories of Marxist theorizing, renewed them, and sharpened them with political-practical intent. Starting from historical studies as well as from political struggles of his time, Gramsci succeeds in developing an approach to politics and thought whose supporting concepts (such as hegemony, civil society, integral state, passive revolution, Fordism, or everyday understanding) provide persistently productive stimuli for the critique of domination and emancipatory action. The contributions take up Gramsci's concepts and analyses, reconstructing his approach.