After World War II, millions of West German children were sent to facilities "in the countryside" for recovery and treatment of illnesses as well as psychosocial problems - for example, to the district children's home of the districts of Beckum and Wiedenbrück in the spa town of Bad Waldliesborn. Since 1946, the system of children's rehabilitation has shaped the understanding of health for an entire generation. Doctors, local administrations, health insurance companies, spa towns, and parents worked together to create a place where diseases, malnutrition, and other ailments could be addressed. Being sent for rehabilitation was not unusual; rather, it was a generational experience. However, although the rehabilitation was intended for all children, some groups were excluded, not considered from the outset, or sent home early. This primarily affected children with disabilities, bedwetters, and children who were stigmatized as "unsuitable for community" for various reasons—mostly due to certain behaviors. This book examines the political, economic, and medical ideas underlying children's rehabilitation. Social hygiene, efficient healthcare, economic profitability, and the concept of social engineering shaped the rehabilitation system and were tested and implemented in practice. By investigating the selection processes, it becomes clear what fine line the rehabilitation system drew between those children regarded as future members of society and those perceived as "abnormal." In this way, a specific social reality was created that illustrates which societal forces were capable of defining what childhood means.