For more than a hundred years, the prison at Barnimstrasse 10 in Berlin served as a central detention facility for women. Its history, spanning from the German Empire through the Weimar Republic, the National Socialist era, and into the GDR, vividly reflects the treatment of female prisoners under various political systems. Claudia von Gélieu explores the specific reasons and conditions that led to the establishment of women's prisons, highlighting the differences in the reasons for imprisonment and the penal treatment of women compared to men. She also portrays prominent inmates such as Rosa Luxemburg, resistance fighters against the Nazi regime like Olga Benario, and prisoners of the SED state. She interviewed former inmates and analyzed literary testimonies and extensive archival materials. Numerous new insights have been incorporated into this expanded new edition, which is published on the occasion of the opening of the memorial for the women's prison.