As he did with Indian thought, Schweitzer dedicated a separate volume to Chinese thought. Both are part of his ongoing project to establish an ethics of reverence for life through a history of human thought. In 1937 and 1939/40, Schweitzer wrote a version of his history of Chinese thought in Lambarene, far from specialized libraries. Both are published for the first time in this volume. The unfinished work is a more comprehensive elaboration of what Schweitzer has only briefly and summarily presented in other writings. His intensive engagement with Chinese thought provides a fascinating access to his theology and ethics. In an afterword, Bochum sinologist Heiner Roetz situates the work within sinology and demonstrates that it is still regarded as one of the few original interpretations of Chinese philosophy.