The aftermath of the Arab Spring is increasingly putting Coptic Christians in Egypt under pressure, particularly due to the rising influence of Islam throughout the region. The Coptic Church, a church of martyrs, and a piece of Christian culture are being further marginalized. The history of this church is more closely intertwined with European churches than is generally assumed. From its beginnings and the apostolic work of its founder, the evangelist Mark, the path of a tumultuous fate unfolds through the years under Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic rule. A highlight is the stay of the Holy Family in Egypt. In this context, the Egyptologist Wolfgang Boochs explains the significant theological controversies surrounding the correct understanding of Jesus Christ and its importance for Coptic Christianity. The story of martyrdom continues.