The task of descriptive statistics is to present collected data in a way that highlights the essential aspects clearly. It primarily utilizes three forms: tables, graphical representations, and characteristic measures. This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the fundamentals and methodology of descriptive statistics. Special emphasis is placed on problem- and goal-oriented preparation of the material. At the beginning of each chapter, practical examples are presented, where the data is not immediately assessable, raising questions aimed at method-supported analysis of the dataset. These questions also provide an overview of the topics covered in the respective chapter and lead the reader to learn how to specify and formalize colloquially used terms, as this is the only way to analyze the data effectively.