Industrial development has led to a significant strain on nature. Not only are natural resources of all kinds being extracted and exploited, but nature itself—water, soil, and air—is also needed to enable industrial production. In this process, people, especially in industrialized nations, have lost a true understanding and appreciation of nature, and the elements of nature are treated like other raw materials. The primary goal and approach of wastewater technology is to increase the efficiency of biological treatment processes, that is, the proportion of biodegradable pollutants that are eliminated.