The book "Biology and Ecology of Norway Spruce" offers a comprehensive and concise analysis of the biological and ecological aspects of the Norway spruce (Picea abies L.), one of the most significant tree species in Europe and Asia. This species is not only a central component of natural and managed forests but also the most economically valuable conifer species in Europe, providing high-quality wood products. Written by 25 experts in the field, the work integrates over 2000 cited sources and highlights both classical and modern research findings. The topics covered range from anatomy and morphology to physiology and nutrition, as well as reproductive biology and genetics. Additionally, important aspects such as mycorrhiza, diseases and pests, as well as forestry and wood products are addressed. Given the growing threats to forest health from air pollution, climate change, and pests, this book serves as an indispensable source of information for anyone involved in the ecology, conservation, and management of this tree species.