History, theory, and practice of community work. What is the current state of knowledge in community work? The handbook systematizes and updates the theoretical and practical knowledge in this field. It presents traditions and discussions particularly in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. In practice, community work manifests itself both as a working principle and as a professional concept that has gained relevance, but it also risks blurring the lines between social space orientation and an activating welfare state. Therefore, the authors historically analyze the concept of community work and assess what contributions it can currently make to the theoretical development of social work. The various fields of action in community work are examined, not with the aim of showcasing achievements, but rather as.