"Auschwitz" stands emblematic of the German crime against humanity. From a legal historical and socio-political perspective, the first Frankfurt Auschwitz trial was the most significant Nazi trial in the Federal Republic of Germany. In 2013, the prosecution against Mulka and others marks its 50th anniversary. In introductory essays, Sybille Steinbacher and Devin O. Pendas outline the history of the camp and the trial. The sources published in this two-volume edition, accompanied by historical notes and legal explanations, provide insight into the efforts of the criminal justice system to demonstrate the individual guilt of those involved in the Nazi genocide in a rule-of-law procedure.