The anthology aims to inform practitioners in social therapeutic institutions within the penal system and the forensic psychiatric system about standards in the treatment of offenders and findings from treatment research. A particular focus is placed on the challenges in diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of offenders at high risk of recidivism, especially in relation to psychopathy and personality disorders. Several contributions address the specific issue of motivation for therapeutic change that is prevalent in these groups of prisoners. Additionally, recent findings from neurobiology are reported. The insights gathered in this volume will also be significant for the conceptual reorientation of treatment-oriented placements for individuals under preventive detention based on the ruling of the Federal Constitutional Court.