Knowledge about the world during the Middle Ages was recorded either in maps or in texts. What role did these different methods of documentation play in the preservation of knowledge? What systems of knowledge organization did the authors use, and how did knowledge circulate between the two forms of representation? Starting from the famous London Psalter map created after 1262, which is newly edited here, maps and texts from the High Middle Ages are examined comparatively. Special attention is given to the Descriptio Mappe Mundi by Hugo of St. Victor, whose content-related proximity to the Psalter map is demonstrated for the first time. The study also includes the famous world maps from Ebstorf and Hereford, as well as the lesser-known Lambeth map. The study understands geographic knowledge carriers as reflective forms of representation.