"Philosophy that is not philosophy of language cannot actually be presented at all today." This book takes this statement by Theodor W. Adorno as a starting point for a systematic reconstruction of the philosophical considerations of language in his work, thereby providing both an original contribution to Adorno research and to current discussions in the philosophy of language. In a comprehensive, detailed, and unbiased manner, it corrects the prejudice that Adorno's philosophy is a final form of the consciousness philosophy that has become outdated since the linguistic turn. Initially, it highlights the role that language plays in the natural historical genesis of subjectivity, in which language is defined as a second nature that fundamentally enables human access to the world and shapes it in a specific way.