Between July 8, 1908, and April 22, 1910, the crew of the steamship Peiho, equipped by the Hamburg Scientific Foundation, explored the island world of the South Pacific. In particular, the Bismarck Archipelago, including New Guinea, New Pommern, the Admiralty Islands, and the St. Matthias group, were the focus of interest during this journey. The Hamburg South Sea Expedition is part of the tradition of various research voyages to the South Seas. The expedition was organized by Prof. Georg Thilenius, the head of the Hamburg Ethnological Museum. The journey was conducted in two phases. In the first year of the expedition, the Hamburg South Sea Expedition, led by Prof. Friedrich Fülleborn, studied the island world of Melanesia, and in the second year, under the leadership of Prof. Augustin Krämer, it explored the region of Micronesia. The results were published as part of a research project.