The Epic of Gilgamesh is a collection of literary works that primarily originates from the Babylonian region and includes one of the oldest preserved written poems. In its various versions, the Epic of Gilgamesh represents the most famous work of Sumerian literature. The text of the epic had to be reconstructed from various fragments. Since the different fragments were written in different languages (Old Babylonian Akkadian, Hurrian, and Hittite), there were challenges in translation and attribution, making the translation a significant challenge. The translation underlying this work was done by Arthur Ungnad and is considered one of the best in the German-speaking world. The original work was published in 1911.