Due to its profane character, the question of the theological place of the love poetry of the Song of Songs in the canon of the Holy Scriptures of Judaism and Christianity has been repeatedly discussed. Tradition has answered this question for centuries with the so-called allegorical interpretation. In Judaism, this is still evident today in that the Song of Songs is read as a festive scroll during Passover, interpreting the liberation of Israel as a demonstration of JHWH's love for His people. In contrast, modern biblical criticism has established the so-called natural understanding of the Song of Songs. Only recently have there been attempts to overcome the alternatives of allegorical and natural interpretations. The poetological interpretation methods integrated in the commentary presented here offer the opportunity to grasp the anthropological and theological multiperspectivity of this erotic poetry.