The topic of the harmful effects of alcoholism during pregnancy is still largely a taboo today. Even 40 years after its initial description in 1973, the permanent damage to the unborn child caused by alcohol abuse during pregnancy remains largely unknown. The second, updated, and expanded edition includes not only a detailed description of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) but also information regarding the discovery of the syndrome, its clinical aspects, diagnostics (4-Digit Diagnostic Code), epidemiology, pathogenesis, psychopathology, and long-term outcomes into adulthood (FAS adult). Additional topics include prevention and therapy, as well as the social consequences and legal regulations of FAS and FASD, along with the impacts on FASD patients in adulthood, supplemented by therapeutic aids.