From the 1950s to the early 1970s, the Federal Republic of Germany and other Western European industrial countries recruited millions of foreign workers to supplement their national labor markets during times of economic boom. Numerous bilateral recruitment agreements provided the framework for this. To this day, the consequences of the "guest worker" system are controversially discussed under the term "integration." This anthology presents current findings from historical migration research. It examines the conditions and forms of recruitment and their impacts on the economy, society, and politics, as well as aspects of integration at both the local and national levels. This overarching perspective allows for new insights into the history of labor migration.