The city of Frankfurt occupies a unique place in German-Jewish history. Its history has been shaped – perhaps more than that of any other city in Germany – by its Jewish citizens. They played a significant role in Frankfurt's rise to become one of the most important metropolises in Germany. However, Frankfurt was also the first city in Germany to force Jews to live in a ghetto and one of the last to abolish this compulsion. Of the approximately 30,000 Jews living in Frankfurt in 1933, only a little over 100 survived National Socialism in the city. Thousands were murdered in concentration and extermination camps, and many others were forced to flee. This volume is dedicated to the history of Jews in Frankfurt from the time of emancipation until 1933 and examines Frankfurt as an outstanding example and a central location for German and European Jewish history, for its cultural, social, and religious development, and for the relationships between Jews and non-Jews. The focus is on how Frankfurt developed into such a significant Jewish city, but also how it became a place of exclusion and persecution.