The renewed outbreak of anti-Semitism, not least in Germany, requires immediate societal resistance, but also a deeper reflection in search of the reasons for this singular yet unbearable phenomenon, which seems to have been endlessly repeating for over 2,200 years. In his essay, Jean-Luc Nancy attempts to uncover the divided pre-European origins of our culture—a culture that has now become thoroughly globalized, yet is based on an original division—one that, despite the worst destructions in its history, cannot free itself from the phantom of the excluded Jew. This incessantly repeated exclusion appears as the terrible permanence of a self-hatred manifesting as anti-Semitism in the West, which, like a destructive autoimmune reaction, deprives itself of its own essence.