The Hohle Stein near Schambach is one of the classic Paleolithic cave sites in Bavaria. Its exploration dates back over 100 years, with researchers primarily focusing on the findings from the Middle Paleolithic, the era of the classic Neanderthal. For the first time, this volume in the new series "Archaeology in Bavaria" provides an understandable insight into the forms and functions of the stone and bone tools of early humans, which originate from nine phases of exploration. Interesting perspectives arise when considering the Ice Age fauna, as well as the climate history of Southern Germany. A look at the more recent findings includes the history of cave usage up to the Roman period and the Middle Ages.