Remzi N. Karaalp presents the relevant French and German regulations in this important area of data protection and medical law, and extensively discusses their interpretation in the administrative practices of regulatory authorities and case law. The author highlights the key similarities and differences in national regulations regarding the collection and use of these sensitive personal data, with the French two-tier data protection approval process proving to be adaptable and commendable. The reader receives an informed explanation not only of the fundamental peculiarities but also of important application issues.