Unemployed individuals today are seen on one hand as lazy, unmotivated, and as someone who wallows in a social hammock, and on the other hand as helpless and in need of motivation. Frustration prevails in the hallways of job centers, while aggression is evident at the advisory tables. A core task of the Hartz IV reform is to motivate people to work. However, the understanding of motivation within the Hartz reform is alarmingly one-dimensional. This problematic starting point is the basis for various aggressive conflicts between citizens and advisors. What is work motivation really? How can one best motivate? What are the dominant motivational issues in employment promotion? What needs to be done? A nuanced picture of work motivation reveals various practical paths to actual motivational work. The book illustrates the problems and solutions through practical examples.