Dialectics, a way of thinking that has been fiercely contested from the very beginning, has experienced various phases in its over two-thousand-year history. Time and again, it has been declared dead, most recently after the 1980s. However, just as the contradictions in reality do not disappear, so too is the engagement with them not obsolete. What is meant by dialectics and dialectical thinking is examined through an in-depth reading of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel on one hand, and Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels on the other, along with their critical engagement with their "teacher," whom they also rescued from oblivion against the spirit of the times; as Engels wrote, they had "saved dialectics into the materialistic understanding of nature and history." In the concluding part of his book, Richard Sorg analyzes some current concepts of dialectics.