Finally, establish peace in Europe! During the Reformation 500 years ago, this seemed conceivable for the first time again. Prior to that, various conflicts and wars prevailed—so many that the scholar Erasmus of Rotterdam expressed the longing for peace in a lament as early as the 16th century. In it, the goddess of peace, Pax, urgently warns against warmongering and the desire for battle, showing that there should be no place for war in a Europe shaped by antiquity and Christianity. The book was one of the most widely read of its time and is rightly considered a foundational text of the peace movement to this day: For in light of the many wars in our world, the goddess of peace still has no reason to cease her lament. A current, accurate, and highly readable translation not only provides a detailed introduction to the work but also documents all quotes.