In this pamphlet, Paul Lafargue, one of the most significant thinkers of socialism in France, presents the power of capital as a religious system and suggests understanding religion, within the context of the history of forms of alienation, as a precursor to capital. Lafargue, who also became known in Germany with his book "The Right to Be Lazy," takes a different direction in his critique of capitalism compared to his father-in-law Karl Marx, and in a certain way, goes beyond him. He sees the religious not in ideology, but in the material structure of capital. Jean-Pierre Baudet connects to Lafargue's fundamental ideas in his afterword and translates them into a contemporary critique of capitalism.