Whether Turkey belongs to Europe or not is a question that is unlikely to be definitively answered. The debate over this very topic is too central to the construction of specific ideas about what Europe "is." It is surprising that despite the extensive discussion surrounding a possible EU accession for Turkey and a large body of literature on the relationships between the EU and Turkey on one side, as well as the various facets of constructing a European identity on the other side, there has been little systematic examination of how the discourse regarding Turkey's belonging to Europe has changed over time. It is precisely at this point that Jochen Walter has presented a book that fills a remarkable gap in research. A central finding.