In philosophical perception theory, there was a strange consensus until about thirty years ago that the objects we can directly perceive must be mental objects; our reference to completely ordinary things - sounds, birds, cheese - occurs mediated by mental representations (sensory data, perceptual experiences, concepts, etc.). Only since the mid-1980s has the disjunctive conception of perceptual experience allowed for an alternative understanding of our relationship to the world. By setting aside some Cartesian prejudices, the thesis of direct perception can be defended against the notorious arguments from illusion. In the present book, Hannes Ole Matthiessen attempts to transfer the thesis of direct world reference from the classical visual case to the other four sensory modalities.