There are many different assumptions about the characteristics of an organization. From these, rigid opinions develop depending on the scientific discipline. In this book, the author consciously distinguishes his investigations from the absolutely determinable and describable processes and decisions of business administration and organizational psychology. He further reflects on the interplay of personnel and organizational development against the backdrop of pedagogy, particularly in the field of adult education and training. This perspective includes recent research on autopoiesis. According to this view, social systems are also closed: organizations largely determine their own development and are not developed from the outside. This perspective plays a central role. Personnel and organizational developers can only provide assistance for self-help.